[232], The IOC remained relatively neutral regarding the letter from CECC or the boycott. ", Comit national olympique et sportif franais, "- XXIV ", "In dieser Reihenfolge laufen die Nationen bei der Erffnungsfeier ein", "Feller hat Corona Ski-Exot Mder bei Olympia dabei", "Winter Olympics: Who is representing Team GB in Beijing? Also in 2002, ESPN announced the establishment of the X Games Global Championship. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) created the Evaluation Commission, which was appointed on October 24, 2002. During 2015's Winter X Games, ESPN used camera drones to capture aerial views of the athlete's runs. The U.S. had won the event in each of the last five Olympic Games: a formidable winning streak was on the line. [22] In the 2016 study of cost overruns at Olympic Games at Oxford University, researchers found the Lake Placid Winter Olympic Games had the largest cost overruns of any Winter Games at 324 per cent above the planned cost. However, since this victory is not as well known as the 1980 win, it has come to be known as the "Forgotten Miracle".[79][80]. Afghanistan's Olympic flag-bearer and sprinter Kimia Yousofi is successfully relocated to Australia along with five Afghan families fleeing Taliban rule. Also Jamaica, Mexico and Morocco returned to the Games after missing the Turin Games. At least 150,000 spectators from outside the "closed loop" were expected to attend. The yellow boxes represent days during which medal-awarding finals for a sport were held with the number in these boxes representing the number of finals that were contested on that day.[68]. In 1998, the attendance dropped to 25,000 spectators. In possibly the most dramatic duel of the games, Although they did not get any medals, the People's Republic of China entered the Olympic Games for the first time after the. The Soviets themselves declined to compete, sending only observers, after a long hesitation that saw Soviet leader Joseph Stalin demanding guarantees from his sports officials that the USSR would beat the US in the medal standings. [25], The Eastern Bloc dominated the 1976 Montreal Olympics, with seven countries placing in the top ten of the medal table. [16][17][9] The Soviet authorities also significantly bent the amateur rules, that were in place at the time, by providing state-funding to their athletes who trained full-time and, unlike American self-financed amateurs, were de facto professionals. "[13] The country's largest newspaper commented that "Norway is a rich country, but we don't want to spend money on wrong things, like satisfying the crazy demands from IOC apparatchiks. [14], In the first round, the 24 teams were spread across six pools of four teams playing in a single round-robin format. [33][34], All other skiing events were held in Taizicheng Area in Chongli District, Zhangjiakou city, Hebei province. In semifinals, the winners advanced to compete for the World Championship title. After winning an Olympic record 37 medals at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, the United States had a somewhat disappointing performance during these games.Although the delegation The next minute Alexander Belov hit Jim Brewer during the free-throw, and Brewer was unable to continue playing. [16][17] Pyeongchang eventually hosted the 2018 Winter Olympics. Encyclopdia Britannica Online Library Edition: Wallechinsky and Loucky, The Complete Book of the Olympics (2012 edition), page 61. The Winter X Games VIII in 2002 was the first time an X Games event was televised live and also had coverage by ESPN's flagship news program, SportsCenter. In his first X Games appearance, the retired. The 24 teams were distributed to 6 pools of 4 teams. Ultimately, 65 countries will withdraw from participating in the Moscow Games for various reasons. Thirty-three skiers did not finish their first run of the men's giant slalom. In the men's giant slalom, the Canadian Jasey-Jay Anderson won the first race with a half-second lead ahead of Rebagliati. In round of sixteen, the qualified teams matched-up according to the Berger table based on their ranking in the combined ranking table. [23], The 1968 Mexico Olympics became the most successful summer games for the US in the post-war era. [29] The company awarded the food management contract for the Games came under federal investigation for associations with organized crime. [9] After five days, the Governor of New York Hugh Carey declared a partial state of emergency to address the issues. The acceptable level has been raised to ten parts per million for ephedrine and twenty-five parts per million for other substances. The US weightlifting team continued to fade away, winning just one medal (compared to 7 in 1956), American boxers won 7 medals, though only two of them gold, US divers won 6 medals, and the men's volleyball team managed to stun the defending champions from the Soviet Union, beating them in five sets, but still finished out of medals; Soviets ultimately won gold, with their lone loss being to the US. Immediately after the accident, officials attributed it to an athlete error rather than a track deficiency. It helped them to cut the deficit to 1 point. USA 167.263 2. The Unified Team eventually won the gold medal, while the U.S. placed fourth. The 1904 Summer Olympics in St. Louis, Missouri were the first ever Olympic Games held outside of Europe. Three of these were supported by the United States Olympic Committee[4] and presented to the International Olympic Committee: 1968, 1976 and 1980. News", https://olympics.com/ioc/news/ioc-statement-on-lance-armstrong/188433, "IOC strips U.S. relay of silver after Tyson Gay case", "All-time Summer Olympics medals table 1896-2016 | Statistic", "USA Men's Team Vs. Russia Was About More Than Just Hockey", "Classic 1972 USA vs. USSR Basketball game". Pierre-Luc Gagnon won gold in Skateboard Vert for the second consecutive year. The Soviets, however, continued to dominate Olympic weightlifting, and, with the American program falling apart, the USSR produced four golds and three silvers. WebThe 2.01m-tall thrower Ryan Crouser retained his Olympic title in the men's shot put and did so in some style, setting an Olympic record three times. The final three seconds of the game were replayed three times until the Soviets came out on top. The emblem carries a blue, red, and yellow colour scheme: the latter two colours represent both the flag of China, and "passion, youth, and vitality". Congress required an after use contract for facilities, and it was agreed that the Olympic Village would be built in accordance to Federal Bureau of Prisons needs. There were fears that the Soviet Union would boycott the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul as well because South Korea had no diplomatic relations with the USSR, which recognized and supported only North Korea. Overall, the United States (18961976, 1984present) has won 1,061 gold and 2,636 total medals, and Russia (1900, 19081912, 19521980, 1988present) has won 610 gold and 1,627 total medals. The X Games and Winter X Games continue to grow with the popularity of action sports and the athletes who compete in them. Two movies were filmed at the X Games. [72] The President of Georgia, Mikheil Saakashvili, thanked the hosts for the way that they handled Kumaritashvili's death which included a moment of silence and a tribute to Kumaritashvili at the opening ceremony. Vaqti, translyaciya va o'zbekistonlik sportchi", "Beijing Bound: Tannenbaum earns spot in 2022 Winter Games", "South Africa sending no one to Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics", "No Bermuda Team In 2022 Winter Olympics", "North Korea Says It Will Skip Beijing Olympics Because of the Pandemic", "Tonga's Pita Taufatofua skips 2022 Winter Olympics to help home country recover from natural disasters", "Beijing 2022 announces new competition schedule", "Canada caps COVID Olympic Winter Games in Beijing with 26 medals, including 4 gold", "Canada finish outside medals top 10 for first time in 34 years", "Germany sweeps two-man bobsled podium with Friedrich, Lochner, Hafer", "Beijing 2022 reveals official motto: "Together for a Shared Future" Olympic News", "Records smashed as more than two billion watched Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics", "", "BBC dealt another blow after losing control of TV rights for Olympics", "Olympics coverage to remain on BBC after Discovery deal", "Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games on the BBC", "BBC reveals 2022 Winter Olympics broadcast plans", "CBS, NBC in 'Freaky Friday' Super Bowl swap", "NBC To Air Olympics Coverage After Super Bowl LVI", "Super Bowl/Olympics Sunday about to become routine for NBC", "The Real Viewership Story of the Beijing Olympics", "NBC's Olympics ratings are terrible. [276][282], There were some complaints about the food served outside of quarantine. This marked the second time the Upstate New York village hosted the Winter Games, after 1932. [14], The current world champions Poland automatically qualified for the competition. [55] The issue over women's ski jumping being excluded ended up in the Supreme Court of British Columbia in Vancouver during April 2124, 2009, with a verdict on July 10 excluding women's ski jumping from the 2010 Games. It was regarded by the Olympic Committee to be among the most successful Olympic games in history, in both attendance and coverage. Olympic Values Education Programme launched in India with inaugural project in Odisha. With less than a minute left, Doug Collins stole a Soviet pass at halfcourt and was fouled hard by Zurab Sakandelidze as he drove toward the basket, being knocked down into the basket stanchion. Covered Up", "American attitude baffles rest of world", "Athletics: Ready, set start explaining", "IAAF: USOC followed rules over dope tests", "USOC's Actions on Lewis Justified by IAAF", "Countries With The Most Stripped Olympic Medals", "IOC strips Jones of all 5 Olympic medals - Other sports- nbcsports.MSNBC.com", "IOC strips gold from 2000 US relay team - Yahoo! WebThe United States competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia, from February 7 to 23, 2014.Team USA consisted of 222 athletes competing in all 15 sports. And it doesn't mean we approve of all the human rights violations of a person or people." Overview; Highlights & Replays; Results; Athletes; Stories; Brand; Medal Design; Mascot; Men's Giant Slalom. They are: Biathlon, Bobsleigh (Skeleton, Bobsleigh), Curling, Ice Hockey, Luge, Skating (Figure Skating, Speed Skating, Short Track Speed Skating), Ski Mountaineering*, and Skiing (Alpine Skiing, Cross-Country Skiing, Ski Jumping, Nordic Combined, Freestyle Skiing, [63], Russia (in all its incarnations) and the United States have won more Olympic medals than any other nation. The US won medals in 14 sports, finishing third with 34 gold and 94 total medals. [222], After the Russian invasion of Ukraine in late February, The New York Times published a report alleging that China requested Russia to delay the invasion until after the Olympics to avoid damaging the Games' public image. Xi is also the, Neutral athletes from Russia, competing under the flag of the Russian Olympic Committee. [29], Revenue for the LPOOC came primarily from sponsorship contracts signed with more than 200 companies totaling around $30 million in cash, goods or services, and from the sale of broadcasting rights totaling $21 million and included $8 million donated to the IOC. 2022-23 Freestyle Team U.S. Cyprus made their Olympic debut at the games. [21] The Beijing National Stadium was the site that hosted the Opening and Closing Ceremonies for the 2022 Winter Olympics, but it was no longer a venue for any competition in 2022. Athletes warned about bringing personal devices to China for 2022 Beijing Games", "Skispringster Kramer, favoriet voor goud, mist Spelen door coronabesmetting", "Skeleton medalist out of Beijing Olympics with virus", "New Beijing airport to open on Oct 1, 2019, able to accommodate 620,000 flights per year", Beijing Organising Committee for the 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games, "Beijing won't have a big budget for the 2022 Winter Olympics", "Beijing 2022 may cost more than US$38.5bn, says report", "Uyghur athlete lights Olympic Cauldron as Beijing 2022 officially opens", "The Beijing Winter Olympics' cauldron lighting made a political statement", "The Beijing Olympics begin Feb. 4. The result was announced by IOC President Jacques Rogge. "[219][220] In March 2021, Chinese spokesperson Guo Weimin stated that any attempt to boycott the Olympics would be doomed to fail. Dave Mirra won BMX Park, landing the first-ever double backflip in competition. It was not just a matter of convenience, either, according to Lake Placid's congressman, Representative Robert McEwen. The flame arrives just in time for the Opening Ceremony. WebHandball (also known as team handball, European handball or Olympic handball) is a team sport in which two teams of seven players each (six outcourt players and a goalkeeper) pass a ball using their hands with the aim of throwing it into the goal of the other team.A standard match consists of two periods of 30 minutes, and the team that scores more goals wins. For the Youth Olympics in Singapore, see, "Vancouver 2010" redirects here. Designed by Lin Cunzhen (who previously designed the emblem of the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics in Nanjing), the emblem is a stylized rendition of the Chinese character for winter () as a multi-coloured ribbon, reflecting upon the landscapes of the host region. The event was held in two locations: the Alamodome in San Antonio, Texas, and Whistler, British Columbia. After that Americans finally started to press the Soviets. His medals were posthumously restored by the IOC in 1983 on compassionate grounds. [11] Russia was later stripped of its hosting rights on 1 March 2022 due to its invasion. On the Games poster, the Olympic rings overhang this emblem. [185][186], The emblem for the 2022 Winter Olympics, "Winter Dream" (), was unveiled on 15 December 2017 at the Beijing National Aquatics Center. The qualified teams from preliminary round competed in the knock-out stage. The location of the Winter X Games is in Aspen, Colorado, through 2019, while the location for the Summer X Games has been in Los Angeles, changing to Austin, Texas, in June 2014. The 2010 Winter Games marked the first time that the energy consumption of the Olympic venues was tracked in real time and made available to the public. In the following calendar for the 2010 Winter Olympic Games, each blue box indicates that an event competition, such as a qualification round, was held on that day. The two years following that, the Games were held in Mount Snow, Vermont. [77] There were rumors that the Communist party had bribed the officials, because they wanted the USSR to win 50 gold medals at these Olympics, in commemoration of the 50th anniversary of the Soviet Union.[78]. [13], On 15 April 2022, FIVB announced that Poland and Slovenia will host the relocated 2022 Men's World Championship. [14][15], There are three different clusters of venues designed and constructed for the 2022 Winter Olympics, each respectively known as the Beijing Zone, the Zhangjiakou Zone, and the Yanging Zone. The 2010 Winter Games were the third Olympics to be hosted by Canada, and the first to be held within the province of British Columbia. Full list of gold, silver and bronze medallists as well as photos and videos of medal-winning moments. The 1948 London Olympics marked the first time that the newly communist countries, that were occupied by the Soviet Union after WW2, competed in the games. [102], On October 9, 2017, the IOC announced that three positive doping cases had been found from their re-analysis programme from the 2010 games. Turkey (18), Egypt (19) [50][51][52][53] Before showing the documents to Sports Illustrated, Exum tried to use them in a lawsuit against USOC, accusing the organization of racial discrimination and wrongful termination against him and cover-up over the failed tests. [39] The opening ceremony flag-bearers for the United States were baseball player Eddy Alvarez and basketball player Sue Bird. [80] Other glitches and complaints have included confusion by officials at the start of the February 16 men's and women's biathlon pursuit races, and restricted access to the Olympic flame cauldron on the Vancouver waterfront. In 1952 the Soviet Union made its Olympic debut, initiating a state-sponsored approach to international sport focused on projecting socio-political superiority. Since 2002, the Winter X Games have been held at Aspen's Buttermilk Mountain and will continue to be until 2024, according to ESPN. Bob Burnquist won his fourth Big Air gold medal, and his ninth total gold medals. Slovenia (8) The most successful day for the Americans was July 31 when they won 8 gold and 18 total medals. The top two teams in each pool and the top four of the third placed teams qualified for the final round. [35] Furthermore, they heavily invested in the development of a similar system in their satellite nation, East Germany, with a specific goal of making East Germans highly competitive in swimming and track and field, so that they can reduce the number of medals the Americans win in their signature sports. On March 11, 2010, it was reported that the Polish cross country skier Kornelia Marek was tested positive for EPO by the Polish Olympic Committee. The X Games gained media exposure due to their big name sponsors, top-tier athletes, and consistent fan attendance. [38] AP's coverage included a microsite with web widgets facilitating integration with social networking and bookmarking services. It is important to note that the Olympics strictly prohibited any involvement of professional athletes at the time. [28], The National Speed Skating Oval ( Guji Shugun /gwor-jyaa soo-hwaa-gwan/) has the nickname "Ice Ribbon" due to its exterior design. The ladies' downhill and men's slalom and giant slalom were on KT-22 mountain, while the ladies' slalom and giant slalom were contested on Little Papoose Peak. The United States, represented by the United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee (USOPC), competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. This was the first US loss in Olympic basketball history and it ended the Americans' 63-game winning streak in Olympic basketball. [9] The members of the IOC awarded the 1980 Winter Games to Lake Placid on October 23, 1974 during the 75th IOC Session in Vienna. The sports categorized as "Nordic events" were held in the Callaghan Valley located just to the west of Whistler. [81] Both teams, however, failed to medal; the Americans finished fourth (losing in the semis to Canada and to Finland in the bronze medal game), while the Russians placed fifth (losing to Finland in the quarterfinals). As the Journal of Sport Management (2006) explains, Generation X and Generation Y are the two demographics most highly valued by marketers. [9] The bids for Lahti and Chamonix were withdrawn early in the bid process, and Vancouver, which was unable obtain the support of the Government of British Columbia, withdrew its candidacy on October 4, 1974. Read about our approach to external linking. [21] Rankings are shown in brackets except the original hosts who ranked third. "[1] Vancouver 2010 also achieved record global television coverage as per the Olympic Committee, more than double the viewership of the preceding Turin 2006 games and triple the available coverage of Salt Lake City 2002, and is "recognized in numerous post Games reports as being among the most widely viewed and well received Games in Olympic history, both in Canada and internationally. Brazil (1) The public prices for tickets ranged from $15 to $70. It was the first year that the games were held in Aspen at Buttermilk Mountain. On the 28th minute he was provoked by Mikheil Korkia and responded. [23] The 2010 Games were also the firstWinter or Summerto have had an Opening Ceremony held indoors. VFR (Hosts; later DQ) IOC Session 20 The Soviet Union had won the gold medal in five of the six previous Winter Olympic Games, and were the favorites to win once more. On the other hand, the US won only 2 golds in swimming, being unable to stop the Australian domination of the swimming events at these games. The following countries have either specifically called their non-attendance a "boycott" or have explicitly stated that their non-attendance is due to human rights concerns: The following countries also did not send any official representatives, but stated that their non-attendance was due to the COVID-19 pandemic or explicitly denied that they considered their non-attendance to be a diplomatic boycott: An estimated 49million US gallons (190,000,000l; 41,000,000impgal) of water was expected to be used to create snow at the various venues. The city withdrew its application for government funding after a majority of the Norwegian parliament had stated their intention to decline the application. [29] The National Speed Skating Oval was the venue for speed skating in the 2022 Winter Olympics. Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Anniversary of the day the X Games were created coincides with inventor's retirement", "ESPN's working hard to keep the Winter X Games green", ESPN pushing ahead with X Games Oslo despite criticism of drug-testing policy, Bach Blasts X Games Oslo for No Drug Testing, "ESPN is bringing camera drones to the X Games", "Teams Unveiled For X Games Global Championship", "ESPN To Stage X Games Global Championship", ESPN announces bid process for the X Games and Winter X Games, "Save the Date: Announcement of Three New Cities to Join X Games Global Expansion ESPN MediaZone", "X GAMES ANNOUNCEMENT ESPN MediaZone", "ESPN to drop International X Games competitions, cut jobs", "X Games Chiba Will Take Place in Japan for the First Time in 2022", "EXPN.com Summer X Games 2001 2000 Skateboarding Results", "X Games moves to downtown Los Angeles, July 29-Aug. 1, 2010", "X Games and action sports videos, photos, athletes, events, original series, news and more", "Britains Doran Leaps To X Games Gold Medal", "Brett Rheeder wins Mountain Bike Slopestyle", "How Cancellation Of Summer X Games 2020 Affects Minneapolis, Action Sports Calendar", "X Games Aspen Henrik Harlaut wins Ski Big Air final", "Snowmobiler Moore dies week after crash in Winter X Games", "X Games Postpones February Chongli Event, Citing Coronavirus Concerns", "X Games is coming to Oslo in February 2016", "X Games in Hafjell March 8th11th 2017", "X Games Norway 2019 Is Coming In August", "Winter X Games won't be coming to Calgary", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=X_Games&oldid=1118630107, Recurring sporting events established in 1995, Wide World of Sports (American TV series), Annual sporting events in the United States, Articles with a promotional tone from November 2021, Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Moto X Doubles (intended to be a medal event at X Games Sydney 2018 but was replaced by a demo due to thunderstorms). [5] Lake Placid organizers submitted a late bid to host the 1976 Games to the IOC in February 1973, with the support of the USOC. See the medal winners, ordered by sport: The former Will Rogers Memorial Hospital was briefly used as press headquarters. In weightlifting, the Soviets, with the help of their state-of-the-art doping program, won five out of seven events, leaving the US with only one gold. In gymnastics, Japan continued to frustrate the Soviets, once again surpassing them in the medal standings. [25], The championship was screened through broadcast partnerships covering 90 territories around the world, while Volleyball World TV, Volleyball World's OTT platform, saw over 600,000 unique viewers watch 38.8 million minutes of action during the course of the competition. Competition venues in Greater Vancouver included the Pacific Coliseum, the Vancouver Olympic/Paralympic Centre, the UBC Winter Sports Centre, the Richmond Olympic Oval and Cypress Mountain. [20] In 2011, the provincial auditor-general declined to conduct a post-Games audit. These insane demands that they should be treated like the king of Saudi Arabia just won't fly with the Norwegian public."[13]. [233] The IOC negotiated with the Chinese government on specific protocols to ensure the Olympics game runs smoothly, such as providing unrestricted internet access to foreign journalists. The 2014 Games marked the first time a Canadian Olympic team competed in Russia, as Canada and 64 western countries did not take part at the 1980 Summer Olympics held in Moscow due to This was a beginning of a new era, as the Soviet Union would go on to dominate the Olympics for the next four decades. Canada had previously hosted the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, and the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary, Alberta. The Republic of China refused to attend both the Summer Games in Montreal, the Winter Games in Lake Placid and the Summer Games in Moscow over the IOC's recognition of the People's Republic of China as "China", and its request for the Republic of China to compete as "Chinese Taipei". [208][209], Additional concerns about weather conditions were raised during certain events. Coincident with a drive by the IOC toward gender parity beginning in the 1990s, the U.S.s fortunes improved, and the nation topped the medal table in the Summer Olympics six times since 1992 and placed second on two occasions. Sam Goodwin, 22 February 2022. Following the race, the IOC stripped him of his gold medal[48] after his post-race urinalysis tested positive for traces of the banned substance ephedrine contained in his prescription asthma medication, Marax. According to the Americans, the referees did not notice the foul. [225] The Chinese government implemented many coercive activities in those regions, such as the reeducation campus, mass detention camps, and restricted access to social media. The US track and field team pulled off a stellar performance as well with 15 gold and 28 total medals. a mixed team alpine parallel event; the men's and women's parallel special slalom; and a mixed team parallel special slalom event. [78], On 19 February 2021, it was announced that Russia would compete under the acronym "ROC" after the name of the Russian Olympic Committee although the name of the committee itself in full could not be used to refer to the delegation. Poland (2) [203][204], These Games also confirmed an ongoing trend in U.S. viewership of the Olympics; while television viewership had seen a further decline, they were offset by increases in social media engagement and streaming viewership of the Games. Beijing was selected as the host city of the 2022 Winter Olympics after beating Almaty by four votes on 31 July 2015 at the 128th IOC Session in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. [12], An accelerated bidding process was opened to determine the new host countries for the tournament. [37], The Associated Press (AP) announced that it would send 120 reporters, photographers, editors and videographers to cover the Games on behalf of the country's news media. In boxing, the Soviets won 3 golds, while the Americans only managed to win two events. The event also reached In February 2022, the Wukesong Sports Centre hosted the 2022 Winter Olympics Men's and Women's ice hockey tournaments. The first Winter Olympic Games, the 1924 Winter Olympics, were held in Chamonix, France.The modern Olympic Games were inspired by the ancient Olympic Games, which were held in Olympia, Greece, from the 8th She would also be banned from the next Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia, in 2014. US basketball team won its third consecutive gold, twice defeating the Soviets in the process, American boxers won all five finals they entered, and American weightlifters edged their Soviet rivals 4 to 3 in terms of gold medals, with the two nations sweeping all seven events in the sport. [26], The Wukesong Sports Centre ( Wksng Tygun /woo-ker-song tee-yoo-gwan/) was under an 8-months renovation for the 2022 Winter Olympics. The achievement was even more notable due to the fact that the American boxers were significantly younger and less experienced than their Cuban and Soviet counterparts. [191], The slogan was compared in media with Chinese leader Xi Jinping's policy slogan: 'Building the Common Future of Humanity'. The host nation China finished third with nine gold medals and also eleventh place by total medals won, marking its most successful performance in Winter Olympics history. The Winter X Games are mostly held in the United States in January, but can happen in February, while the Summer X Games are usually held in August. The Soviets won the encounter 75 and went on to win the gold medal, while the U.S. placed seventh. [24] Greater Vancouver was the most populous metropolitan area ever to hold the Winter Games.
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